According to the Awetauk oral tradition, they originally lived somewhere along the eastern coast. Seven great & radiant beings taught them midewiwin — the Grand Medicine Society. But one of the seven great beings struck against the others, coveting power. Many of Awetauk were inadvertently killed during the battle. The other six beings forced the seventh into the depths of the ocean. They then established six Awetauk clans, and sent them westward. The Awetauk were told that if they stayed by the ocean, they would lose their traditions and way of life when the Europeans came. Obviously, these myths were written after the Awetauk had already encountered Europeans, but there is probably some factual basis from such meetings.

The Awetauk came to what is now Nebraska, settling near the Missouri River. They traded with French fur trappers in the 1700s, and then with Lewis & Clark and later English fur trader John Temple in the 1800s. Unfortunately, when the European population grew, a smallpox epidemic struck the Awetauk, killing almost half of the tribe. The tribe found themselves migrating southward, away from the Europeans and aggressive Sioux Indians.

In 1845, the Treaty of Flowing Spring forced the tribe to relocate again to locations west of the Missouri river when their land was sold to the United States. The Awetauk now live at the Awetauk Reservation, a 2,000 acre parcel of land southwest of Templeton.

The Awetauk never took up arms against the United States. Several members of the tribe actually fought for the United States, originally during the Civil War, all the way up through to World War II.

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